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| commander1 = President of India (currently Pranab Mukherjee) | commander2 =22px Rajkumar Meghen Achou Toijamba (KYKL) Senggoi Meetei (KCP) R.K. Tulachandra (PREPAK) 22px Irengbam Chaoren Thang Lian Pau (ZRA) Thuingaleng Muivah (NSCN-IM) S S Khaplang (NSCN-K) 〔 | strength1 = 1,325,000〔IISS 2012, pp. 243-248〕 | strength2 = 22px 1500 22px 2500 500 PREPAK 600 KYKL 100 KCP 4500 NSCN-IM 2000 NSCN-K〔〔〔 | casualties1 = | casualties2 = | casualties3 = Total casualties: >5665〔 }} The Insurgency in Manipur is an ongoing armed conflict between India and a number of separatist rebel groups, taking place in the region of Manipur. The Insurgency in Manipur is part of the wider Insurgency in Northeast India, it combines elements of a national liberation war as well as an ethnic conflict. ==Background== Manipur's long tradition of independence can be traced to the foundation of the Kangleipak State in 1110. The Kingdom of Manipur was conquered by Great Britain following the brief Anglo-Manipuri War of 1891, becoming a British protectorate. The Manipur became a part of the Indian Union on 15 October 1949. Manipur's incorporation into the Indian state soon led to the formation of a number of insurgent organisations, seeking the creation of an independent state within the borders of Manipur, and dismissing the merger with India as involuntary. The first separatist faction known as United National Liberation Front (UNLF), was founded on 24 November 1964. Between 1977 and 1980, the People's Liberation Army of Manipur (PLA), People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) and the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), were formed, immediately joining the war.〔 Despite the fact that Manipur became a separate state of the Indian Union on 21 January 1972, the insurgency continued.〔 On 8 September 1980, Manipur was declared an area of disturbance, when the Indian government imposed the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 on the region, the act currently remains in force.〔 The parallel rise of Naga nationalism in neighbouring Nagaland led to the emergence of National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN) activities in Manipur. Clashes between the Isak-Muivah and Khaplang factions of NSCN further aggravated tensions, as Kuki tribals began creating their own guerrilla groups in order to protect their interests from alleged Naga violations. Other ethnic groups such as Paite, Vaiphei, Pangals and Hmars followed suit establishing militant groups.The rise of tribal militias culminated in ethnic violence that took place during the 1990s.〔 In contrast with the other wars forming the Insurgency in Northeast India, Manipuri rebels are characterised by a low level of defections and a well organised intelligence network. The rebels have also avoided targeting local police personnel, thus aiming to secure popular support.〔 Extortion remains the main source of funding for militant groups, temples, educational institutions and businesses are known to have been targeted with illegal taxation. As many as 26 permanent, tax collection checkpoints have been set up on the NH-39 and NH-53 National Highways. Rebels have also resorted to abducting children and later employing them as child soldiers.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Insurgency in Manipur」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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